Another spoken dialect was the Patois, which is an Occitan dialect. WebThe Oriental Republic of Uruguay is a constitutional republic with a democratically elected president and a bicameral legislature. [43] Batlle had two terms (190307 and 191115) during which, taking advantage of the nation's stability and growing economic prosperity, he instituted major reforms, such as a welfare program, government participation in many facets of the economy, and a plural executive. [153] In 2009, the government planned to invest 4.5% of GDP in education. [69] Winter temperatures range from a daily average of 11C (52F) in the south to 14C (57F) in the north, while summer average daily temperatures range from 21C (70F) in the southeast to 25C (77F) in the northwest. However, it is officially translated either as the "Oriental Republic of Uruguay"[24][25] or the "Eastern Republic of Uruguay". [105] Uruguay was ranked 65th in the Global Innovation Index in 2021, down from 62nd in 2019.[106][107][108][109]. Uruguay hosted the official Basketball World Cup for the 1967 FIBA World Championship and the official Americas Basketball Championship in 1988, 1997 and is a host of the 2017 FIBA AmeriCup. [42] Montevideo became a major economic center of the region and an entrept for goods from Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. Even though both temperature and precipitation are quite uniform nationwide, there are considerable differences across the territory. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering the Ro de la Plata to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. [33], As a result, Artigas broke with Buenos Aires and besieged Montevideo, taking the city in early 1815. [121] However, rail passenger commuter service into Montevideo was restarted in 1993, and now comprises three suburban lines. [103] Gross public sector debt contracted in the second quarter of 2010, after five consecutive periods of sustained increase, reaching $21.885billion US dollars, equivalent to 59.5% of the GDP. Covering an area of 176,000 sq.km, Uruguay is South America's 2nd smallest nation. Their names and assignments are listed below. More than 97%[127] of Uruguay's electricity comes from renewable energy. The siege of Montevideo, which began in February 1843, would last nine years. [142] Among the sizeable Armenian community in Montevideo, the dominant religion is Christianity, specifically Armenian Apostolic. [130], In 2021, Uruguay had, in terms of installed renewable electricity, 1,538 MW in hydropower, 1,514 MW in wind power (35th largest in the world), 258 MW in solar power (66nd largest in the world), and 423 MW in biomass. [41] A transition period (188690) followed, during which politicians began recovering lost ground and some civilian participation in government occurred. [25] His book Ariel (1900) deals with the need to maintain spiritual values while pursuing material and technical progress. Between 1875 and 1890, the military became the center of power. Uruguay is divided into 19 departments whose local administrations replicate the division of the executive and legislative powers. WebUruguay Montevideo West Mission: 09/18/2022: Salem 12th: 7: Elder Stockton BLACK: Uruguay Montevideo Mission: 8: Sister Sydney Clark: Uruguay Montevideo Mission: 08/16/2021: 9: Uruguay Montevideo Mission: 04/14/2021: 19: Elder Grant Zimmerman: Uruguay Montevideo Mission: Highland: x Missionaries PDF. For example, Montevideo receives approximately 1,100 millimetres (43in) of precipitation per year, while the city of Rivera in the northeast receives 1,600 millimetres (63in). [40] This division of power lasted until the President Jose Batlle y Ordonez instituted his political reforms which caused the last uprising by Blancos in 1904 that ended with the Battle of Masoller and the death of Blanco leader Aparicio Saravia. Mission President. English is common in the business world and its study has risen significantly in recent years, especially among the young. At the same time centre-right National Partys Luis Lacalle Pou was sworn as the new President of Uruguay.[79]. [53] Commercial ties between the two countries have expanded substantially in recent years, with the signing of a bilateral investment treaty in 2004 and a Trade and Investment Framework Agreement in January 2007. [36], In 1845, Britain and France intervened against Rosas to restore commerce to normal levels in the region. [32], Gabriel Terra became president in March 1931. [84], Construction of a controversial pulp paper mill in 2007, on the Uruguayan side of the Uruguay River, caused protests in Argentina over fears that it would pollute the environment and lead to diplomatic tensions between the two countries. The siege of Montevideo was lifted and the Guerra Grande finally came to an end. [147], Uruguayan Spanish, as is the case with neighboring Argentina, employs both voseo and yesmo (with [] or []). The period marked the culmination of a process aimed at a neoliberal reorientation of the country's economy: deindustrialization, pressure on wages, growth of informal work, etc. A 2010 Latinobarmetro poll found that, within Latin America, Uruguayans are among the most supportive of democracy and by far the most satisfied with the way democracy works in their country. Blancos were given of seats in Congress. [32] This led to the 500-day-long Cisplatine War. [99] Some newspapers are owned by, or linked to, the main political parties. Contents 1 Native 2 Colonization 3 Struggle for independence, 18111828 Wedged like a grape between Brazils gargantuan thumb and Argentinas long forefinger, Uruguay has always been something of an underdog. [111], The tourism industry in Uruguay is an important part of its economy. This method has been used several times over the past 15 years: to confirm a law renouncing prosecution of members of the military who violated human rights during the military regime (19731985); to stop privatization of public utilities companies; to defend pensioners' incomes; and to protect water resources. [145] Under the influence of the Colorado politician Jos Batlle y Ordez (19031911), complete separation of church and state was introduced with the new constitution of 1917. Tourism and banking are also important sectors; Uruguay acts as a regional hub for international finance and tourism. Uruguay has about 1,200km (750mi) of operational railroad track. [99], Uruguay's long tradition of freedom of the press was severely curtailed during the years of military dictatorship. The First Presidency of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has called 164 new mission presidents and companions; most will begin service in July. [159] Popular bands of the Uruguayan Invasion sang in English. [42] The economy reflected a steep upswing (if demonstrated graphically, above all other related economic determinants), in livestock raising and exports. More Home Reviews Videos Photos About See all We are missionaries for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in the Uruguay Montevideo West Mission July Though 90% of [155], Uruguayan culture is strongly European and its influences from southern Europe are particularly important. The rest of the urban population lives in about 30 towns. [25] The tradition of the gaucho has been an important element in the art and folklore of both Uruguay and Argentina. Despite this agreement, Colorado rule was threatened by the failed Tricolor Revolution in 1875 and the Revolution of the Quebracho in 1886. The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. The Uruguayan parties received support from warring political factions in neighboring Argentina, which became involved in Uruguayan affairs. WebLead Material Analyst. [115] Its quay can handle 14-metre draught (46ft) vessels. Minister of Economy and Finance Alejandro Vgh Villegas seeks to promote the financial sector and foreign investment. [167] Uruguay performed very creditably in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, having reached the semi-final for the first time in 40 years. WebUruguayans ( Spanish: uruguayos) are people identified with the country of Uruguay, through citizenship or descent. Spain's High Court has approved the extradition to Uruguay of a doctor accused of helping the military torture dissidents during the right-wing military dictatorship in the 1970s, the court said on Monday. [36] It appeared that Montevideo would finally fall when an uprising against Rosas, led by Justo Jos de Urquiza, governor of Argentina's Entre Ros Province, began. The growth, use, and sale of cannabis was legalized on 11 December 2013,[110] making Uruguay the first country in the world to fully legalize marijuana. [25], Uruguay has a small but growing film industry, and movies such as Whisky by Juan Pablo Rebella and Pablo Stoll (2004), Marcelo Bertalmo's Los das con Ana (2000; "Days with Ana") and Ana Dez's Paisito (2008), about the 1973 military coup, have earned international honours. Punta del Este is situated on a small peninsula off the southeast coast of Uruguay. Numerous radio stations and musical events reflect the popularity of rock music and the Caribbean genres, known as msica tropical ("tropical music"). [25] The guitar is the preferred musical instrument, and in a popular traditional contest called the payada two singers, each with a guitar, take turns improvising verses to the same tune.[25]. [153] The system is divided into six levels of education: early childhood (35 years); primary (611 years); basic secondary (1214 years); upper secondary (1517 years); higher education (18 and up); and post-graduate education. Although Santana has open borders with Rivera, it's a different jurisdiction. [99] The economy grew at an annual rate of 6.7% during the 20042008 period. The formal coalition ended in November 2002, when the Blancos withdrew their ministers from the cabinet,[32] although the Blancos continued to support the Colorados on most issues. WebAirplane Photos & Aviation Photos - View, Search, or Upload Photos! [161] Freedom of speech and media are guaranteed by the constitution, with qualifications for inciting violence or "insulting the nation". [18] The country has legalized cannabis, same-sex marriage, prostitution and abortion. [32], A 2017 IADB report on labor conditions for Latin American nations, ranked Uruguay as the region's leader overall and in all but one subindexes, including gender, age, income, formality and labor participation. [25] The candombe is a folk dance performed at Carnival, especially Uruguayan Carnival, mainly by Uruguayans of African ancestry. Uruguay is home to people of different ethnic origins. ", Los 9 temas de Marama y Rombai en el top 10 de Spotify Argentina, "World Cup 2010: Diego Forlan collects Golden Ball award", The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking Ranking Table, "Uruguay "exported" 1.414 football players in the last decade", World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Uruguay, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uruguay&oldid=1134235346. [25] Bsqueda is Uruguay's most important weekly news magazine and serves as an important forum for political and economic analysis. Blending elements of art and nature the work of the landscape architect Leandro Silva Delgado[es] has also earned international prominence. His inauguration coincided with the effects of the Great Depression,[44] and the social climate became tense as a result of the lack of jobs. Typical dishes include: "Asado uruguayo" (big grill or barbecue of all types of meat), roasted lamb, Chivito (sandwich containing thin grilled beef, lettuce, tomatoes, fried egg, ham, olives and others, and served with French fries), Milanesa (a kind of fried breaded beef), tortellini, spaghetti, gnocchi, ravioli, rice and vegetables. The country experiences the four seasons, with summer being from December to March and winter from June to September. [155] Over the 20072009 period, 362,000 pupils and 18,000 teachers were involved in the scheme; around 70% of the laptops were given to children who did not have computers at home. Uruguay is bordered by two large neighbors, Brazil and Argentina. [116], Carrasco International Airport was initially inaugurated in 1947 and in 2009, Puerta del Sur, the airport owner and operator, with an investment of $165million, commissioned Rafael Violy Architects to expand and modernize the existing facilities with a spacious new passenger terminal to increase capacity and spur commercial growth and tourism in the region. The Mansa is more suited for sunbathing, snorkeling, & other low-key recreational opportunities, while the Brava is more suited for adventurous sports, such as surfing. Seasonal variations are pronounced, but extremes in temperature are rare. Uruguay no longer imports electricity. The Montevideo Gas Company and the Pluma airline were turned over to the private sector, but the pace of privatization slowed down in 1996. "Eastern Republic of Uruguay" is the official name used in many United Nations publications in English, e.g. [81] Uruguay ranks 21st as least corrupt in the World Corruption Perceptions Index composed by Transparency International. [33] Artigas organized the Federal League under his protection, consisting of six provinces, four of which later became part of Argentina. [53], Vzquez, who assumed the government in March 2005, created the Ministry of Social Development and sought to reduce the country's poverty rate with a $240million National Plan to Address the Social Emergency (PANES), which provided a monthly conditional cash transfer of approximately $75 to over 100,000 households in extreme poverty. [37], The first railway line was assembled in Uruguay in 1867 with the opening of a branch consisting of a horse-drawn train. [35] Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. [93], The Uruguayan armed forces are constitutionally subordinate to the president, through the minister of defense. WebUruguay ist nach Suriname der zweitkleinste Staat Sdamerikas. [162] Consequently, Montevideo's newspapers, which account for all of Uruguay's principal daily newspapers, greatly expanded their circulations. However, simply walking the streets allows tourists to experience the city's colorful culture. Uruguay: A Country Study, 1990, Rex A. Hudson and Sandra W. Meditz, En el pas de las conquistas sindicales, Christophe Ventura, octubre de 2015, British army attempted to seize Buenos Aires and Montevideo, treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, International Military Education and Training, United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan, Administracin de Ferrocarriles del Estado, "The Tale of Two Civil Societies: Comparing disability rights movements in Nicaragua and Uruguay", "Encuesta Continua de Hogares (ECH) - Instituto Nacional de Estadstica", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022", "Hace 13.000 aos cazadores-recolectores exploraron y colonizaron planicie del ro Cuareim", "Presentan tesis del nombre Uruguay Diario EL PAIS Montevideo Uruguay", "Uruguay, el pas de los pjaros pintados despierta la pasin por mirar", "Las estructuras tumulares (cerritos) del litoral atlantico uruguayo", "Uruguay and the memory of the Charra tribe ThePrisma.co.uk", "THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE, 181130 Uruguay", "BEGINNINGS OF INDEPENDENT LIFE, 183052 Uruguay", "THE STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL, 185275 Uruguay", "Caudillos and Political Stability Uruguay", "Evolution of the Economy and Society Uruguay", "THE CONSERVATIVE ADJUSTMENT, 193143 Uruguay", "Baldomir and the End of Dictatorship Uruguay", "Uruguay: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations", "Uruguay's Left Makes History by Winning Presidential Vote", "Uruguay elects Jos Mujica as president, polls show", "Same-sex marriage bill comes into force in Uruguay", "Tabare Vazquez wins Uruguay's run-off election", "Uruguay's new center-right president sworn in", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity Supplementary Material", "Tornado kills 4, injures hundreds in Uruguay", "Ola de calor: Florida registr un rcord histrico de temperatura", RECORDS METEOROLOGICOS EN EL URUGUAY Boletn Meteorolgico Mensual Direccin Nacional de Meteorologa, "Uruguay's Constitution of 1966, Reinstated in 1985, with Amendments through 2004", "Uruguay ushers in first conservative government in 15 years", "The Economist Intelligence Unit's Index of Democracy 2012", "Censos 2011 Instituto Nacional de Estadistica", "Uruguay marks distance from Argentina: UK does not come to plunder resources", "Mujica praises Argentina/Uruguay common past; calls for an end to 'ports' war', ''Clarn'': Hay 115 casos de dermatitis en un balneario ubicado frente a Botnia, "Uruguay and Argentina implement "scientific" accord for joint monitoring", Brazil and Uruguay step closer to integration, "Chavez and Mujica Meet and Sign Numerous Bilateral Agreements", "Chapter XXVI: Disarmament No. [66] The absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, makes all locations vulnerable to high winds and rapid changes in weather as fronts or storms sweep across the country. [25] Notable amongst Latin American playwrights is Florencio Snchez (18751910), who wrote plays about contemporary social problems that are still performed today. When a child remains in Uruguay for more than 365 days and is traveling with only one parent, traveling alone, or traveling with someone other than the parents, the minor child is required to have a Permiso de Menor (permission for a minor) issued by the Uruguayan National Immigration Directorate prior to departing Uruguay. [111] However, 54% is in the hands of 11% of farmers, who have a minimum of 500 head. Popular Uruguayan rock bands include La Vela Puerca, No Te Va Gustar, El Cuarteto de Nos, Once Tiros, La Trampa, Chalamadre, Snake, Buitres, and Cursi. [25] Uruguayans of many classes and backgrounds enjoy reading historietas, comic books that often blend humour and fantasy with thinly veiled social criticism. There are ten national parks in Uruguay: Five in the wetland areas of the east, three in the central hill country, and one in the west along the Rio Uruguay. The military government persecuted leftists, socialists, and political opponents, resulting in deaths and numerous instances of torture by the military; the military relinquished power to a civilian government in 1985. Jos Enrique Rod (18711917), a modernist, is considered Uruguay's most significant literary figure. If the minor child does not have a Permiso de Menor, the minor child will be prohibited from leaving Uruguay. [73], Uruguay adopted its current constitution in 1967. [95], In 1991, the country experienced an increase in strikes to obtain wage compensation to offset inflation and to oppose the privatizations desired by the government of Luis Alberto Lacalle. The law was voted at the Uruguayan Senate on the same date with 16 votes to approve it and 13 against. Other typical desserts include the Pastafrola (a type of cake filled with quince jelly), Chaj (meringue, sponge cake, whipped cream and fruits, typically peaches and strawberries are added). [115] The port of Nueva Palmira is a major regional merchandise transfer point and houses both private and government-run terminals. It remained subject to foreign influence and intervention throughout the 19th century, with the military playing a recurring role in domestic politics. [168] In the rankings for June 2012, Uruguay were ranked the second best team in the world, according to the FIFA world rankings, their highest ever point in football history, falling short of the first spot to the Spain national football team. Uruguay experienced a major economic and financial crisis between 1999 and 2002, principally a spillover effect from the economic problems of Argentina. [100], Between the years 2007 and 2009, Uruguay was the only country in the Americas that did not technically experience a recession (two consecutive downward quarters). Neither side gained the upper hand and in 1828 the Treaty of Montevideo, fostered by the United Kingdom through the diplomatic efforts of Viscount John Ponsonby, gave birth to Uruguay as an independent state. Also notable are Juana de Ibarbourou (18951979), Delmira Agustini (18661914), Idea Vilario (19202009), and the short stories of Horacio Quiroga and Juan Jos Morosoli (18991959). [38], The constitutional government of General Lorenzo Batlle y Grau (186872) suppressed the Revolution of the Lances by the Blancos. In March 2020, Uruguay got a conservative government, meaning the end of 15 years of left-wing leadership under the Broad Front coalition. [25], Tango has also affected Uruguayan culture, especially during the 20th century, particularly the '30s and '40s with Uruguayan singers such as Julio Sosa from Las Piedras. Sanguinetti was then re-elected in 1994. [133] Overall, the ethnic composition is similar to neighboring Argentine provinces as well as Southern Brazil. Progressive, stable, safe and culturally sophisticated, Uruguay offers visitors opportunities to experience everyday not made for tourists moments, whether [124] Namely, 17 destinations in Argentina[note 3]; 12 destinations in Brazil[note 5] and the capital cities of Chile and Paraguay. El Sporting de Gijn recibe al Valencia en un nico partido por Copa del Rey para meterse en los cuartos de final del certamen. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons", "Uruguay returns to the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance", Uruguay To Lift Ban On Gays In The Military, "Uruguayan Major General appointed head of UN mission in India and Pakistan", "Building out: Uruguay exports architectural services to India and Latin America", "Uruguay's Frente Amplio: From Revolution to Dilution", "Uruguay's record-setting economic growth streak", "Uruguay Rate Rise 'Strong Signal,' Bergara, Lorenzo Say", "IMF anticipates 'soft-landing' of Uruguay's economy in next two years", "Uruguay's GDP Rose 10.4% in Second quarter From Year Before on Transport", "Uruguay's debt/GDP ratio down after five quarters running increases", "Uruguay becomes first nation to legalise marijuana trade", "Uruguay has 3.8 cattle per capita, highest in the world", "Jos Ignacio, an Uruguayan Resort Town That's Chic, but So Far Not Famous", "Overview: Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay Trade Relations", "Montevideo port becomes most advanced container terminal in South America", "Logistics, infrastructure and communications", "New Carrasco terminal among the "most beautiful airports in the world", "Pluna: reunin de conciliacin entre el Estado y Leadgate", "Omnibus Interior Catlogo de Datos Abiertos", "Uruguay privatization scheme jolted by opposition", "Uruguay, Latin America's Renewable Champion", "Uruguay makes dramatic shift to nearly 95% electricity from clean energy", "Uruguay is now generating 95% of its electricity from renewable energy", "Uruguay has shifted to getting 95% of its electricity from renewables in less than 10 years", "Atlas Sociodemografico y de la Desigualdad en Uruguay, 2011: Ancestry", "Genetic composition of Brazilian population samples based on a set of twenty-eight ancestry informative SNPs", "Uruguay: South America's best-kept secret? 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